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Clean Coasts Act

An Act to amend The Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 and the Wrecked, Abandoned and Hazardous Vessels Act

Summary

  • The bill, titled the Clean Coasts Act, amends the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA) and the Wrecked, Abandoned or Hazardous Vessels Act to strengthen protection of marine areas and increase liability for damage to them.
  • It clarifies CEPA's prohibition on disposing of substances in Canadian marine waters unless authorized, tightening accountability for any person or ship involved.
  • It creates a new offence that prohibits transferring a vessel to someone who lacks the ability, resources, or intent to maintain, operate, or dispose of it safely, targeting the practice of offloading liabilities onto incapable owners.
  • It updates the offences section of the Vessels Act to include the new transfer prohibition, enabling enforcement and penalties.

Builder Assessment

Vote Yes

The bill aligns by internalizing environmental risks, protecting coastal economic assets, and reducing public cleanup burdens, which supports productivity and long-run prosperity. Its main risk is ambiguity around the new transfer offence that could create uncertainty for legitimate transactions unless due diligence paths are made explicit.

  • Aligns with prosperity and competitiveness by preventing costly marine hazards and ensuring cleaner, safer coastal operations.
  • Strengthens polluter-pays accountability, easing pressure on public resources and improving government efficiency.
  • Risks: vague standards around 'ability, resources or intent' and 'knows or is reckless' could deter legitimate vessel transfers and raise costs for small operators.
  • Improve the bill by clarifying a due diligence safe-harbour (e.g., verified insurance, proof of financial responsibility), adopting objective criteria to avoid subjective enforcement, and publishing clear, time-bound service standards for CEPA permits to protect port reliability and safety.

Question Period Cards

How will the government define and enforce the 'knows or is reckless' standard in the new transfer-of-ownership offence, and will there be a clear due diligence safe-harbour—such as proof of insurance or financial responsibility—to avoid chilling legitimate sales by fishers and small marine businesses?

What analysis has the government conducted on the bill’s impact on marine insurance premiums, financing, and the used-vessel market, and what safeguards will ensure that coastal communities are not burdened with higher costs or reduced access to working vessels?

Will the CEPA amendment affect timelines or requirements for routine dredging and port maintenance permits, and can the minister commit to service standards to prevent delays that could disrupt port operations and exports?

Principles Analysis

Canada should aim to be the world's most prosperous country.

Protecting coastal ecosystems and reducing derelict vessel risks supports fisheries, tourism, and port reliability, which underpin long-run prosperity.

Promote economic freedom, ambition, and breaking from bureaucratic inertia (reduce red tape).

The bill imposes targeted responsibilities (e.g., responsible transfer of vessels) to curb externalities without creating a broad new bureaucracy; however, ambiguous standards could chill legitimate transactions if not clarified.

Drive national productivity and global competitiveness.

Cleaner, safer coasts reduce port disruptions, navigational hazards, and cleanup costs, improving reliability for supply chains and marine industries.

Grow exports of Canadian products and resources.

Benefits to export reliability are indirect; the bill does not directly expand export capacity or market access.

Encourage investment, innovation, and resource development.

By internalizing environmental risk, it can improve certainty for responsible operators, but unclear liability thresholds could deter investment in the used-vessel market unless due diligence safe-harbours are defined.

Deliver better public services at lower cost (government efficiency).

Shifting responsibility to vessel owners reduces taxpayer-funded cleanups and frees public resources for higher-value services.

Reform taxes to incentivize work, risk-taking, and innovation.

No tax measures are included.

Focus on large-scale prosperity, not incrementalism.

This is a focused, technical compliance bill with modest economy-wide effects; it supports coastal integrity but is not a large-scale growth reform.

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PartyLiberal
StatusOutside the Order of Precedence
Last updatedSep 22, 2025
TopicsEnvironmental Protection
Parliament45